A forest is not only a collection of all kinds of shrubs and trees, but a whole ecosystem. It is a complex community of living and inanimate nature elements intertwined with each other. This ecosystem includes both living organisms, referred to as biota, and non-living - abiotic component: water, soil, air. In this article, we are interested in forest biota, which includes not only all kinds of vegetation and microorganisms, but also mammals. In particular, we will learn what are the brightest animals of the forest zone of Russia.
What is a forest?
From a scientific point of view, a forest is more or less significant natural space, overgrown with vegetation and trees. Moreover, the vegetation consisting of ferns, shrubs, mushrooms and herbs, must necessarily cover the soil between the trees, otherwise the territory can not be considered forest. Another component of this concept is the animal world of the forest (animals, birds, insects). Without them, he simply can not exist, as, indeed, they are without him.
Breath of our planet
There is a saying: "The life of a small forest is the breath of an entire planet." And it's hard not to agree with that. After all, the forest with its ecosystem cleans the air on our planet, saturating it with oxygen. Even a person who is difficult to surprise with something, to the pain of a familiar forest can open a world full of secrets and mysteries! Despite his alluring silence and fabulous peace, life here beats, as they say, the key.
There are quite a lot of birds, animals and insects in the forest biota. To see them and enjoy the nature with your own eyes, you just need to come to the nearest oak-tree and carefully look around. Even tiny ants and spiders are already a whole “zoosocium”, a microcosm that is the “foundation” of all forest biota. So, what are the brightest animals of the forest zone of our country?
Redhead beauty
First of all, it is worth mentioning fox cheats! This prankster inhabits forest zones throughout almost all of Asia and North America. In our country, foxes can be observed in large quantities in the Siberian forests. This predator of the dog family has medium body size, covered with a warm red fur coat. Foxes' distinctive pride is their bushy tail.
These animals live mainly on the edges in mixed forests, inhabit the shores of lakes and forest streams. Foxes are wild animals, but despite this, they are often kept as pets. The favorite delicacy of red cheats are mice, hares, berries and fruits. The role of foxes in the life of the forest is difficult to overestimate. So, without a doubt, this is a useful beast that regulates the number of mouse-like rodents, which cause irreparable harm to cultivated plants.
Without a hedgehog, a forest is not a forest!
In deciduous and mixed forest zones, one can see common hedgehogs at almost every step. As the famous zoologist Nikolai Drozdov said: “A forest without a hedgehog is not a forest!” Which of us has not seen this animal at least once in its life? Probably, there are simply no such. However, briefly describe it. Hedgehogs are small animals covered with wool and needles. These animals of the forest zone live throughout Europe, as well as in Asia and the Far East.
The hedgehogs lifestyle can seem rather boring and even somewhat dull. During the day, these animals sleep as if killed, and at night they search for food. By the way, their diet consists of earthworms, small birds, beetles. Those who kept ordinary hedgehogs as pets are well aware of their nocturnal lifestyle: the animal quickly runs around the house, beating the real tap dance with its paws. It is simply impossible to fall asleep!
Medics of the Russian forests
You probably guessed right away who we are talking about. This, of course, wolves. True, these predators are not so much animals of the forest zone as forest-steppe, and sometimes steppe. These animals are widely distributed in our country. Wolves, like foxes, are a family of canines, being rather large animals with strong paws. Wolf hair is coarse and very thick.
These animals are unsurpassed collective hunters. As you know, they track down their prey in whole flocks, which allows them to successfully hunt large boars, elks, and domestic animals. In times of famine, they feed on carrion, birds, and hares. As is known, the natural role of this predator is to improve the animal population. A wolf is a kind of “filter” of the forest that regulates the number of sick and weak animals, bringing invaluable benefits to all forest biota.
Quiet in the forest, only the badger is awake ...
Badgers are animals of the mixed forest zone. These are very active and active forest predators. Their massive body is supported by awkwardly short legs. The fur is coarse. These animals inhabit the entire European territory, including Russia. They are predominantly nocturnal. In the afternoon, the animals sit in the holes. Badgers eat both plant and animal food. These animals are valuable not only for their fur, but also for their fat.
Tigers
Some people do not know that tigers are animals of the forest zone of Russia, and not only of India, China, Iran and Afghanistan. These animals are the second largest large land predators after bears. Their distinguishing feature is a flexible body, painted in bright orange-black stripes. However, not all tigers have only this coloring. There are also white tigers. In our country, these large wild cats inhabit the Far East, living in mixed forests and taiga.
The forest kingdom is the real decoration of our planet. It has a wide variety of rivers, lakes, tree species, a large number of animals, birds and insects. A forest is a separate state with its own laws and inhabitants. There are several types of forests, depending on the plantations: mixed, coniferous, deciduous and taiga. In them, life goes on.
Each of us, for different reasons, was in the forest at least once in our life. Someone just went to take a break from the bustle of the city, take a walk, pick up spring flowers, someone went on a hunt, and someone went out for mushrooms and berries. All this time we are accompanied by the singing of birds, although we can not always see them, somewhere in the distance a little animal will run.
Most often in the forests there are: hares, foxes, martens, wild boars, wolves, bears, squirrels, chipmunks, wood mice, hedgehogs, beavers, moles, etc. A huge variety of birds: woodpecker, oriole, thrush, tit, sparrow, cuckoo, magpie, jay and many others.
The life of animals, no matter what forest they live in, depends on their food. The diet is very diverse, considering all seasons. Some inhabitants need to make food for the winter.
Forest mice collect nuts, acorns and hide them in empty hollows, burrows and even under the roots of trees. Squirrels hide nuts in the bark of trees, in the forest litter of leaves - acorns, mushrooms fold between the branches of trees. Among the valuable fur animals is marten. She arranges her nests at high altitude in hollows. It feeds on voles, partridges, black grouse and hazel grouse. Great danger for squirrels.
Bears, on the contrary, hibernate, they do not need food and water. Enough reserves of fat accumulated during the warm period of the year.
From spring to autumn, hares feed on succulent grass, shoots, and in winter, tree bark.
A special kind of animals are predators. They are dangerous in the event that they feel threatened by a person, but it is better to keep on further. Boars are omnivorous animals, they can eat roots, plant bulbs, berries, acorns, worms, insects, carrion and even rodents. Foxes and wolves get their food by hunting the weaker animals. They feed on meat, rodents, carrion and poultry.
Beavers inhabit the quiet forest streams, feed on bark, young shoots, and branches. They build dwellings and make dams of trees and branches.
Insectivorous animals are of great benefit to the forest. Hedgehogs are no exception. They eat high-calorie food - mice, insects, various larvae, worms. Among plant foods, mushrooms, fruits, berries, and grains are preferred. Hedgehogs, like bears, also hibernate for the winter.
Moles also feed on insects and earthworms. They improve the air and water regime of the soil due to its underground passages. What kind of animal is this, what kind of lifestyle does it lead to, what benefits or harm, what does a mole in the forest feed on and how to fight it you can learn more.
Birds live most in mixed and deciduous forests. Eat often during the day, the main diet consists of insects, grains and berries.
Great helper for the inhabitants of the forest is a man. Foresters make feeders, both for birds and animals, trying to refine and improve their habitat. Every way facilitate their survival in difficult conditions, because everything in our life is natural. Now we know what animals eat and how they survive in the forests. Each of the representatives of the forest flora and fauna is an integral part of our life.
Summary of thematic conversation for children 6-7 years old "What animals live in the forest?"
Author: Svetlana Botvenko, musical director of the MBDOU "Kindergarten No. 27" in Kameny - na - Obi, Altai KraiCognitive conversation for children 6-7 years old "What animals live in the forest?"
Purpose:To arouse interest, to bring a joyful mood when familiarizing with wild animals.
Tasks:
Expand ideas about the features of appearance, life manifestations of wild animals and adaptation to the environment.
Intensify the attention and memory of children.
Leading:
Guys, today I will tell you about wild animals: appearance, where they live, what they eat.
Did you recognize this animal?
The ears of the hare are long, and the tail is fluffy and short. The hind legs are longer than the front. During the jump, he throws forward long back legs first, and then short front legs. Hare easily runs up the hill, and rolls head over heels from the top. The hare has sharp teeth that he, like scissors, cuts off the bark from the trees. During the day, the hares are sleeping, hiding in the thicket of the forest: under the bushes in the hole. No hares make and feed is not collected. In the autumn, the hare changes a gray summer coat for white, warm and fluffy. That's all the preparation for the winter. Shelters from the winter cold, burrowing in fluffy snow under a bush. Fleeing from the chase, the hare tangles the trail, dodges, makes huge jumps to the side in order to knock the fox, the wolf, off the trail.
The hare is a defenseless animal. The only salvation - fast legs, so he flees from enemies.
Leading:
Now answer my questions. What does a bunny look like? How is the hare preparing for winter? Why does the hare change its color for the winter? How is the hare saved from enemies?
Leading:
You have seen this animal in pictures, cartoons, in the forest.
The muzzle of the hedgehog is small, with an elongated nose, all covered with short gray hairs. Black as beads, eyes, but sees a hedgehog is bad, but his scent is beautiful. The hedgehog's paws are short with small claws. On the back wears a hedgehog prickly needles. They save him from enemies. The hedgehog will curl up into a prickly tangle, bristling its sharp needles - try - eat it up!
Hedgehog does not make stocks for the winter. For winter, the hedgehog prepares its mink and covers it with dry, fallen leaves. Sleeps a hedgehog in a mink until spring.
Leading:
What does a hedgehog look like? What helps him escape from enemies? What is the name of the hedgehog dwelling? How does a hedgehog warm its hole? What does a hedgehog do in winter?
Leading:
Have you ever seen a squirrel?
Squirrel - a wonderful, graceful, agile animal. In spring and summer, the coat for reddish squirrels is golden, this color is more suited to the revived spring nature, to the golden bark of pine trunks. By winter, the fur becomes silvery gray, thick, warm. The squirrel has a gorgeous, fluffy tail. The tail not only decorates and warms the squirrel on inclement days. He helps her while jumping.
Having fluffed up the tail, as if opening a parachute, the squirrel easily and freely flies from branch to branch, from tree to tree. Squirrel saves its tail, cleans. In wet weather, hiding in the nest, so as not to dunk and not to spoil it. The squirrel has nimble black eyes, large, curved, very sharp teeth, so it easily breaks hard nuts and lumps cones. On the paws there are claws that help her deftly grasp the branches and jump from tree to tree. The squirrel often hibernates in the deep hollow of an old tree, sometimes fittings a magpie or a crow's nest for its apartment last year. Squirrel is a very good hostess, neat and thrifty. At the end of the summer he makes supplies: he fills his pantries with ripe nuts, mushrooms, acorns and pine cones.
Leading:
What does a squirrel look like? What is the name of the squirrel dwelling? What are the stocks of protein preparing for the winter?
Leading:
All the beasts she sly,
Red coat on her. (Fox)
Fox is an agile and wary beast. He lives in the forest, during the day he hides in a deep hole, which he arranges in a deep forest, often on the sandy, overgrown bushes slope of a stream or river. At night, go hunting. It eats beetles, frogs, lizards, searches for nests of field mice, ruins nests of birds. Hunting for hares and water rats, can catch a young duck near the stream. When the berries ripen, ripen the fruit, the chanterelle eats them with pleasure.
The fox's coat is reddish with a golden sheen, the tail is long and fluffy, the muzzle is elongated, the ears are large, erect, the legs are slender, thin. The fox has a very delicate ear and sharp nose.
Leading:
What does a fox look like? What is the name of the fox's dwelling?
You all learned this beast.
The wolf has a thick, tough coat, ears are wary, eyes glow with green lights. Wolves see well even at night, they hear the slightest rustle, they feel a subtle smell. The tail of the wolf is big, fluffy. When the beast goes to bed right in the snow, he covers his nose and paws with his magnificent tail. Each wolf has its own unique voice, and by the voices they recognize each other from afar. Wolves do not just howl at the moon, they convey with their howl that the forest area is already occupied by their pack. Wolves hunt in packs. In the wolf pack there is a leader. It is the most powerful, intelligent and experienced wolf. Other wolves obey him. All wolves hunt large animals - deer, moose, wild boar.
During the day, the wolves hide in their lair, which they choose in the most remote places, or, curled up in a ball, doze motionless in the snow. Thick and dense wool well protects them from frost.
Wolves do not make stocks for the winter, their strong legs and sharp teeth will help to survive the cold.
Why do wolves howl? What does a wolf look like? Who becomes the leader of the wolf pack? Who do the wolves hunt?
Leading:
Who are we talking about? Huge, dressed in a warm brown fur coat, clumsy in appearance. (Children's answers)
Of course it is a bear. The bear seems clumsy, but it runs fast, it can make big jumps, deftly climbs trees, swims well. The bear has a big head, a hairy, short neck, small eyes, he sees poorly, but his sense of smell and hearing are beautiful. The bear loves to pick berries, mushrooms, catch chicks, small animals, ravage bird nests, anthills: dig it up, and then stick their long tongue in there, which the ants will stick to right away. Bear - once and swallow them all at once. But the most favorite delicacy is sweet bee honey. He finds a bee's nest in the hollow of an old tree, launches a paw into it, pulls out fragrant honeycombs and eats all the honey, and bee-sting bites do nothing. From their sting saves fat coat. By autumn, the bear eats strenuously to accumulate fat for the long winter. Teddy bear diligently and skillfully prepares his lair: he carpets with fallen leaves, soft fragrant needles, dry moss, bark of young Christmas trees.
In late autumn, the bear fit in his soft bed. His sleep will last until ringing streams, until the spring sun.
Leading:
What does a bear look like? What does a bear eat? Favorite bear treat? What is the name of the dwelling of the bear? How does a bear hibernate?
And now I will check what you remember from the conversation.
A word game.
Clap your hands when you hear a word appropriate to a hare (hedgehog, squirrel, fox, wolf, bear).
The words:
Redhead, lair, galloping, small, fluffy, prickly, burrow, howling, white, angry, hollow, den, dodging, strong, long-eared, clumsy, climbing, hunting.
Game "Fourth odd"
Highlight an extra word, explain your choice:
Fox, bear, hare, woodpecker;
Magpie, squirrel, cross, tit;
Wolf, hedgehog, horse, Fox;
Hare, cat, rabbit, dog;
Leading:
I am pleased with you, you listened to me attentively and remembered a lot.
Loading...