A huge variety of the most diverse species of birds lives in wide terrestrial spaces. Among them are amazing ducks.
This article will discuss some of the most noticeable, black ducks - beautiful birds with beautiful rich plumage.
Before we tell you about the characteristics and characteristics of ducks that are black, we will briefly consider which species of groups exist in nature and in poultry production in general.
About ducks that live in nature
Wild ducks are striking in their number and variety of variations of colors. Each of them is unique in appearance and has its own habits and behavioral features. In nature, there are the following coot, krokhal, turpan, sviyaz and so on.
Virtually all wild ducks can be easily domesticated by humans.
For the normal full-fledged habitat of ducks of any species, it is important to have coastal vegetation in reservoirs, and therefore it is possible to find these birds in wetlands, in bays, canals, reservoirs, etc.
In this article, just below will be presented one of these wild birds - the black coot duck. 
Breeds and groups of human-raised ducks
According to their main productivity, ducks are divided into 3 main types: egg-fed, common-use and meat.
1. The egg-laying ducks are much lighter in weight than those of the general use or meat types. And in their egg production, birds of this type are not inferior to chickens.
2. Common types of poultry are distinguished by egg production with relatively high and excellent meat qualities. Approximately by the age of 65 days the weight of live ducklings reaches 1.6 kilograms. The best of them are left to replenish the herd of parents, and the rest are allowed for meat. The most promising species of this type of ducks are Orpington and Khaki Campbell,
3. Ducks, such as beef, have good live weight and are quite fast enough. The following breeds belong to this type of bird: Moscow, gray Ukrainian, Peking, black white-breasted ducks, white Rouen, and eils bury.
Further details of the black ducks will be described in more detail, one of which is the above-mentioned black white-breasted duck of the meat type. 
Black duck: photo, general information
First of all, it should be emphasized that ducks of this type are distinguished by precocity. These have a rich black color plumage. It is noteworthy that the breeds of these ducks can live in a wide variety of habitats.
For the most part, black ducks are domesticated birds, which, with fairly good fattening, are killed at the age of about 65 days.
Black ducks are divided mainly into two types: white-breasted, coot. After reading the article, it will be possible to understand the difference between a black white-breasted domesticated duck and a wild coot.
Black white-breasted ducks are one of the most common breeds grown on numerous Russian farms. 
Coots are wild birds, which can be found mostly in natural water bodies overgrown with vegetation, especially during warmer seasons.
About black white-breasted ducks
This bird is quite large.
It is characterized by the black color of the plumage of the body, head, upper body and abdomen. Drakes (males) are distinguished by the presence of blue-violet reflux in the upper part of the neck. They have black legs, and the lower part of the chest - with white plumage. 
Black-headed white-breasted ducks have a moderate thickness of short legs, and they are much closer to the back of the body than in other birds. Slightly concave inside the average length of the beak has a completely dark shiny eyes, rather large. Well developed strong wings fit well to the sides of the body.
The live weight of the male reaches 3.5-4 kilograms when fully fed, and the females reach up to 3.5 kilograms. On average, the level of egg production reaches 115-140 eggs per year. At the same time, it persists for several years.
This duck is recognized as the best for growing. The carcasses of a black white-breasted duck have white skin. Its meat is very tasty and healthy, has a greater fat content and better taste, unlike many other breeds.
Their egg production is about 120 eggs, and their egg weight is 80-90 grams.
This black duck is a well-fed breed and very early ripening. The total mass of duck carcasses, slaughtered at about 65 days of age, on average reaches up to 2.5 kilograms. And their meat is much more nutritious and fatter than other species.
Coot: habitat description
Black coot duck - another representative of the birds of this group. Usually, their habitats are picturesque old floodplains of rivers and shallow lakes, which have managed to fairly overgrow with various surface plants and reeds.
These birds are very fond of water, but they do not like deeper water with open terrain.
Duck of this breed is easy to learn by its bright distinctive color. The black duck with a white beak has a rich black color with a white spot on the forehead. Paws with long gray fingers have a yellowish-orange color. 
The live weight of individuals of adults reaches one kilogram, but there are also polutorakilogrammovye. Males are larger than females.
The people call this duck differently: “official”, due to the similarity of color of feathering with a snow-white badge on the forehead with a strict black suit and white shirt; “Black loon”, because in its manner of behavior, flight and liking it is similar to this bird. There is another name - "water hen", because of the calm nature and in connection with the easy tame. The latter should be done with caution, since during the nesting period their behavior is aggressive. Black ducks (coots) do not regret and drive away their sharp claws even their relatives during the marital state.
Curious fact about coot
If at the time when the bird is building a nest, it is disturbed or disturbed by something, then, as a rule, it will immediately give up the work started and float away in search of another nesting site.
Therefore, in many reservoirs, habitats of black ducks coots, you can see a lot of unfinished floating uninhabited nests.
There is another curious point about coots. The males of this breed of birds build for themselves a separate nest, designed exclusively for them, where they rest from difficult parental troubles.
Conclusion
Ducks are special, cute and interesting birds. Many have an interest in them not only in gastronomic terms.
Both wild representatives of this species and those grown in poultry farming are all unique and unique. Nature endowed each species with its unique features, both in their character and behavior, and in appearance.
I am very pleased that quite often you can see people off the coast of urban ponds that feed these amazing and lovely, almost tame birds.
Breed Black white-breasted - the result of several stages of selection. The gray Ukrainian was taken as the base breed, it was crossed with Peking and khaki-Campbell. The Ukrainian Poultry Institute (UAAN) is engaged in breeding, at the moment the population for the preservation of the gene pool has about 400 individuals, mostly females (more than 300 birds). Until 1985, the breed was distributed mainly in the Kharkov, Kiev, Vinnitsa regions, but gradually spread throughout the Soviet Union.
Now in Russia, a black and white individual is most often found in private farms, since it belongs to the category of meat-beating ducks. Breed more domestic and in industrial production is rare.
The main characteristics of the breed
The main task of crossing was to create a hybrid breed, which would have a high weight and at the same time a high egg production rate. The main goal was achieved, and today the black duck has the following characteristics:
- precocity - at two months, young individuals gain up to two kilograms and are ready for slaughter;
- the mass of an adult bird - a drake weighs up to 4 kg, a duck - up to 3.4 kg;
- egg production - in one season one individual is able to carry up to 130 eggs;
- egg weight - 85-90 g;
- puberty - 6 months.
Black and white domestic ducks have this appearance:
- head is the same color as the body, small, elongated, eyes black, beak short, curved down, black;
- body - vertical, elongated with a massive chest and long neck;
- legs - short, massive, black;
- wings - have a large scale, well developed;
- tail - small, neat, slightly curved;
- plumage - torso and head black, chest white. In males around the neck plumage has a beautiful greenish tide.
The breed of black and white ducks is distinguished by unpretentiousness to the living conditions, however, when raising ducklings under the age of 18 days, it is necessary to adhere to the temperature regime.
Ducks in black and white have an increased resistance to various pathogens: both bacterial and viral, and therefore do not need additional prophylaxis. They are unclean, make a lot of noise, especially in the absence of food.
How to feed a black white-breasted duck
Individual preferences in food individuals black and white breed do not have. For improved meat qualities, ducks should be fed dry and wet food.
The composition must include several types of cereals: D
- wheat;
- barley;
- corn.
In order for white-breast ducks to have tasty and tender meat, the feed must contain:
- meal;
- wheat bran;
- soy peas;
- meat and bone, feather and fish meal;
- hydrolysis yeast;
- shell;
- inedible fat;
- powdered milk;
- salt;
- vitamin complexes.
Daily ducklings need to be fed with hard-boiled eggs, finely chopped them or through a meat grinder. After two days, you can add cottage cheese, fine-grained groats - barley, corn or oatmeal. On the fifth day of life, grass should be introduced into the diet, finely chopped, ten days later - boiled potatoes, which replace up to 50% of grain feed.
Ducklings need to prepare wet mash. For this you need to boil dry food or boil over boiling water. It is impossible to make a pasty consistency mash, as this can cause gluing of the nasal openings.
The first decade needs to feed the youngsters up to five times a day, then reduce to three meals. If water walking is assumed, the amount of feed will be slightly reduced. Since the breed of black white-breasted duck does not differ in cleanliness, it is better to put them high troughs and fill them with only a third of the grain, so they will scatter less.
How to make feed for ducks
It is advisable to add amino acids - methionine or lysine.
Adult ducks of white-breasted breed need both wet food and dry. It is not necessary to buy industrial feed - self-prepared mixture will become a cheaper alternative.
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During the day, white-breasted ducks should have access to fresh water, especially if there is no water walking. The drinking bowl is made in such a way that only the bird's beak is placed in it, but not itself, since in this case there will be a need for more frequent water changes.
How to keep whitegrass ducks
The young of several days of life requires special conditions of detention. If you plan to breed birds in large quantities, it is better to equip a special brodergauz. It is a chicken house, with separate sections, in which ducklings are placed. Birds are not locked in cages and can move freely.
Manholes are made in the walls, which allows ducklings to freely go outside. The floor in the brodergauz is lined with hay, sawdust, but more preferred is moss peat. It absorbs moisture faster, can absorb ten times its own weight.
At the beginning 10 cm of litter is made, then the dry layer is gradually added.
The house is heated by brooders - electric heaters of the umbrella type. Up to 500 ducks can fit under one device. In the first two weeks of life, the youngsters are set to a temperature of 22-30 ° C, then gradually reduced to 18 ° C.
Oxygen should be supplied to the house all the time, but drafts should be avoided. For the black white-breasted duck, not only for the young, but also for the adult, the draft becomes disastrous.
If you put the cultivation of ducks for slaughtering as a priority, you can keep ducklings in cages. So, they are less mobile and gain mass faster.
In the summer, three-week-old ducklings are allowed to walk in the pen, which must necessarily have a shelter, as a shelter from the sun and rain. Drinkers and feeders are located in the center of the site. In order for the ducks to be comfortable, the area of the pen should be calculated from the condition: one meter for five heads.
From one and a half months white-breasted ducks can go out into the water, this is a more natural environment, where they get additional minerals and vitamins. When water walking should reduce the amount of dry or wet food.
Breeding black white-breasted breed
For breeding ducks from the total number of young stock, so-called repair individuals are selected. There are five females per drake.
Birds must comply with weight parameters:
Black belogrudy - drake (right) and duck (left)
- a drake weighs 2.7 kg at week 22;
- female - 2.5 kg.
Eggs are selected for incubation in ducks at 26 weeks of age. Any damage to the shell: irregular shape, dirt, the presence of two yolks - this is the reason not to use eggs for further breeding. It is necessary to select only fresh eggs of white color, which were stored at a temperature of 10 - 12 ° C for no more than one week.
Depending on the planned brood volume, a small laboratory incubator can be used. It is a box with cells for laying eggs and may have a different capacity. It is important that the temperature is constant, provide fresh air, as well as automatically or manually cranking the eggs.
For a small farm you can use the hen. Under one duck enclose up to 15 eggs. Near her perch organize a drinking bowl and a feeding trough. On the ninth and twenty-sixth day you need to view the eggs on the ovoskop, in case of detection of unfit, remove them. An inspection is made in the absence of a hen. It is noteworthy that chickens, geese and turkeys can hatch duck eggs. Under the chicken you can put up to ten eggs.
The average duration of incubation or incubation for black white-breasted duck breed is 28 days. The breed has a high survival rate of hatched ducklings - up to 93%.
Slaughter
Black and white breed has a tasty and dietary meat, the proportion of fat in the range of 16%. The most tender meat in birds at the age of two months, at this time it is better to produce slaughter. When the period of the first molt begins, the organism grows up, the internal organs increase significantly, the plumage hardens, the meat becomes hard. Before slaughter it is better not to feed the bird, the best would be not to give it feed in the evening and by morning the stomach will be empty.
Although the plumage is black, it is used to fill pillows and featherbeds. After slaughter, it should be washed in a soap solution, rinsed well and dried.
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Video: Application of “Deep Bedding”
By productive qualities, all breeds of domestic ducks can conditionally be classified into three types: meat, egg-laying and meat-egg ducks. The division into types is conditional, because all birds in one way or another possess qualities inherent in all types. This article is an attempt to briefly describe popular breeds for maintenance in the household.
Meat poultry breeds are most commonly found in poultry farms and private household farms. Gourmets consider duck meat tender, juicy, lean and surprisingly tasty.
Meat inhabitants of Utyatnik are distinguished by high fecundity, rapidity of growth, and viability. But egg production is average. The most common breeds of domestic ducks in the meat sector include the following:
- Beijing;
- White Moscow;
- Gray Ukrainian;
- Black white-breasted;
- Agidel
The most common variety for meat breeding is Beijing. Representatives are distinguished by a large elongated and broad head with a bright orange beak. Color is usually white. Pets quickly fatten, hardy, well tolerate winter cold. At two months of age, ducklings reach a weight of 2500 grams, adult males - up to 4000 grams. The average productivity makes 85-90 eggs annually. Egg weight - about 90 grams.
The Moscow white breed is a Peking cross with representatives of Khaki-Campbell, characterized by good productivity and precocity. 65 days old ducklings weigh over 2 kg. Layers with a normal content and sufficient feeding give about 110-120 eggs per year.
Gray Ukrainian ducks are easy to distinguish on the exterior. Representatives of the breed have a massive constitution with a rather thin bones and well developed muscles. Plumage dense and abundant. The mass of an adult female is 3000 grams, drakes - 4000 g. Efficiency - 120 eggs.
Black white-breasted. This species is the result of the crossing of Ukrainian, black and Peking ducks imported from Asia. Black white-breasted have a raised body, deep chest and a wide, long back, which has an inclination to the tail.
Agidel - are a type of meat broilers. This variety has proven itself in the breeding of ducks for meat, both in closed conditions and free grazing. Agidel obtained by crossing breeds Blagovarskaya, Super M and.
Representatives of meat ducks are characterized by significant size and impressive body weight, as well as high fecundity (each layer can bring at least 50 heads of offspring per year).
With proper abundant feeding and normal maintenance, in one and a half to two months the duckling will reach a weight of 2-3 kilograms, and they can already be slaughtered for meat. Breeding duck meat economically.
Yaytsenoskaya
In Asia, duck eggs make up a significant part of the dishes of most national cuisines. It is not surprising that it is from this region that most of the egg-laying representatives come from. Among them the record holder in egg production - Indian runners.
This breed, bred in Malaysia, did not immediately catch on in Europe, because its members are prone to infectious diseases, and their eggs often become a source of salmonellosis. In England, representatives of this species of ducks have undergone some changes as a result of crossing, so many people mistakenly consider Britain their homeland. With an adult weight of 1500-2000 grams, the egg production rate of these ducks is 300-350 eggs per year. Indian runners are unpretentious, can do without open reservoirs, tolerate small frosts and snow, have a quaint appearance (slightly reminiscent of little penguins). On some farmsteads they are kept as decorative ducks. Meat is only culled youngsters.
Egg-bearing birds are smaller in size and weight than meat or meat-egg. For breeding, they are not used.
Meat and Egg
General production varieties are most common when breeding in households. Representatives of this type have a sufficiently high live weight and medium fertility (up to 20 dozen eggs per year).
Meat-egg birds are easy to maintain, quickly acclimatize, viable. The universal breeds of poultry include:
- Orpington;
- Cayuga;
- Saxon;
- Khaki-Campbell;
- Mirror.
All other meat and egg breeds are their crosses.
Orpington are the crosses of Eilsbury ducks, Indian runners and kayuga. The plumage is reddish yellow or fawn. The weight of the drakes is 2600-3500 g, the ducks are 2500-3200 g. The females lay 150-160 eggs each year.
Cayuga - meat and egg birds, imported from the American continent. The color of the feathers is close to black, with a metallic tint of green. There are individuals of bluish shades. The weight of drakes is 3600 grams, the ducks - 3200 grams. Females bring up to 100-150 eggs annually.
Homeland Saxon ducks - Germany. Representatives of this species of waterfowl are distinguished by multi-colored plumage. The body has a regular shape, slightly tilted.
Khaki-Campbell is an English breed of meat and egg type. The weight of an adult individual (drakes) reaches 3.5 kilograms. Productivity - 230-350 eggs weighing 65-85 grams.
Mirrored ducks give good indicators of productivity. Live weight drakes - 3000-3500 g, females - 2800-3000 g. Egg production reaches 130 eggs per year.
Meat-egg types of domestic ducks - this is the ideal poultry for breeding, if you want to get enough meat and eggs. Universal breed ducks quickly adapt to any conditions of detention, unpretentious to feed.
Video "Herd of ducks in the household"
In the video you will see the conditions in which there is a large number of ducks in the home farm.
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